Cross-basin heterogeneity in lanternfish (family Myctophidae) assemblages and isotopic niches (δ13C and δ15N) in the southern Tasman Sea abyssal basin

A cross-basin (longitudinal) study of lanternfishes in the southern Tasman Sea abyssal basin during the austral winter of 2008 and 2009 found that mean biomass in the Western sector was higher than that in the Eastern sector, corresponding with cross-basin patterns in oceanographic heterogeneity and productivity. Dominant species over the abyssal basin differed from those previously recorded over the neighbouring continental slope. Vertical biomass profiles indicated diffuse night-time distributions in the Central sector and extensive diel vertical migrations in the Eastern sector. In the Western sector, macrocrustacean δ13C values were significantly higher, and δ15N significantly lower, than those in the Eastern sector. The results indicate a cross-basin difference in the primary productivity environment and 15N enrichment at the base of the foodweb. The cross-basin pattern in lanternfish δ15N values mirrored that for macrocrustaceans and was not correlated with standard length. Lanternfish δ13C values did not differ between sectors, but there were depth-wise differences, with values in the shallowest stratum (0–200 m) significantly higher than those in the deepest stratum (800–1000 m). Calculated trophic levels (TLs) of lanternfishes spanned the third trophic level and marked niche segregation was evident in the Eastern (mean TL 3.0–3.9) and Central (mean TL 2.5–3.6) sectors. Together, the results suggest that the Eastern and Western sectors are distinct sub-basin scale pelagic habitats, with implications for ecosystem modelling and future monitoring.

► This paper examines lanternfish biomass in the southern Tasman Sea. ► 13C and 15N isotopes in lanternfishes and macrocrustaceans are investigated. ► Lanternfish biomass corresponds with a cross-basin pattern in productivity. ► Lanternfishes feed through a continuum of niches at the third trophic level.