Dynamics of high-order BAM neural networks with and without impulses

The main aim of this paper is to study the existence and global exponential stability of periodic solution for high-order bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with and without impulses. Easily verifiable sufficient conditions are established. The method is based on coincidence degree theory as well as a priori estimates and Lyapunov functional. It is shown that the convergence characteristics of periodic solution for the impulsive system are preserved by the corresponding nonimpulsive system with some restriction imposed on the impulse effect. Numerical simulation results are given to support the theoretical predictions.