Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
4712845 | Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research | 2011 | 18 Pages |
In order to assess the volcanic architecture of the VSC in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, Spain, a study of the volcanic and sedimentary lithofacies has been undertaken on a section up to 1000 m thick in the Odiel river, considered to be also representative of other areas of the Riotinto–Nerva Unit. Among other mineral deposits, this unit includes the world-class volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits of the Riotinto mining district.Several conclusions have been obtained: a) a complex, thick volcanic succession, as well as mafic and felsic sills and thin sedimentary intervals, predated the genesis of the sulfide deposits, which did not form in a dominantly sedimentary environment; b) two successive, felsic volcanic sequences can be distinguished, showing textural and chemical variations from bottom to top; c) mafic lithofacies decrease upwards in the sequence, and d) volcanic structures, eruption style and internal organization suggest a deep subaqueous depositional environment, which agrees with the depositional setting for massive sulfide deposits.
Research Highlights► The Odiel river is not a sill-sediment complex, but a bimodal volcanic succession. ► Basic rocks are more abundant towards the bottom of the stratigraphic column. ► We distinguish two contrasting rhyolitic successions. ► We describe submarine felsic volcanic rocks, partly constituting Neptunian deposits. ► VHMS deposits in the Riotinto-Nerva unit postdate a thick volcanic succession.