Energy budget during fold tightening of a multilayer fold

In general, the patterns preserved in the Canyon Range syncline are comparable to multilayer folding models. In more detail, the following is concluded from this case study. (1) The competent and incompetent members deformed primarily by cataclastic flow and consumed approximately equal amounts of energy. (2) The roles of original competent and incompetent layers reversed during folding. (3) As the syncline tightened, less energy was consumed with increasing hinge fractions. (4) The least amount of energy was consumed with 40° limb dips (i.e., 100° interlimb angle). (5) With an open fold geometry (interlimb angle ≥140°), the hinge region consumed ∼70% of the fold's total energy. (6) Once the fold reached an interlimb angle of ∼60°, the limbs consume close to 70% of the total energy. (7) When the fold reached an interlimb angle of ≤60°, the incompetent layer(s) consumed ∼90% of the fold's energy.