The evolution of differentiated thyroid cancer

Differentiated thyroid tumours of follicular cell derivation have traditionally been classified based on architecture, cytology, or both. The features that distinguish the various entities are controversial and diagnostic criteria are inconsistent and often irreproducible. The complexity of classification schemes has not been substantiated by molecular profiling. In this review, a simplistic approach to the diagnosis of well differentiated thyroid neoplasia is provided to challenge the dogma. The proposed classification matches the molecular profiles of these lesions and simplifies the criteria for diagnosis. This approach can be used to support rational treatment algorithms.