Challenges and current development of sulfur cathode in lithium-sulfur battery

Rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have exceptional theoretical capacity; however, the practical applications are still elusive to date due to many critical challenges. This review summarizes the technical issues of the sulfur cathode and the strategies in recent years to address these issues from the aspects of lithium polysulfides sequestration, new mechanism of Li-S reactions, organosulfur cathode materials, functionality of binders, and the role of the electrolytes.