Physico-mechanical and durability characteristics of concrete paving blocks incorporating cement kiln dust

This research aims at evaluating the physico-mechanical and durability-related properties of concrete paving blocks containing cement kiln dust (CKD) used as a partial replacement or as an addition to cement. Results indicated that up to 40% CKD could be used for producing environmental-friendly paving blocks for heavy traffic applications, while 60% CKD blocks are suitable for areas subjected to medium traffic applications such as in city streets. Furthermore, 40-60% CKD blocks are not recommended for use in applications where it will be subjected to high concentration of hydrochloric acid such as in industrial floors because of their inferior long-term performance.