Integration of a nonlinear energy sink and a giant magnetostrictive energy harvester

This paper explores a promising novel approach by integrating nonlinear energy sink (NES) and giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) to realize vibration control and energy harvesting. The vibration-based apparatus consisting of a NES, a Terfenol-D rod, and a linear oscillator (the primary system) is proposed. The mathematical model of the prototype under displacement driven has been established and simulated by utilizing the Runge-Kutta algorithm. The exhibited responses and the obtained electric energy are computed. Furthermore, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the resonant responses is performed. The distribution of the input energy is calculated to evaluate the designed structure. The instantaneous transaction of the energy is then examined by considering the energy transaction measure (ETM). Lastly, a parametric study is conducted for further optimization. The numerical simulations demonstrate that the nonlinear pumping phenomena occur, that is, the target energy transfer (TET) that leads to a very efficient vibration suppression. In addition, the results also illustrate that the localized vibration energy can be converted into magnetic field energy due to the Villari effect and then transformed into electric energy.