The effect of different shapes of holes on the crushing characteristics of aluminum square windowed tubes under dynamic axial loading

In this paper, the crushing responses of tubes with different shapes of windows as well as the simple tube are investigated under axial and oblique loading conditions. Numerical model was constructed with FE code LS-DYNA and was validated by experiment. The model was then employed for the dynamic crush simulation of each tube at different load angles. The initial peak, crush force efficiency, energy absorption and specific energy absorption of windowed and simple tubes were compared and their overall crushing performances were evaluated by TOPSIS method. The results have proven the effectiveness of introducing windows to improve the tube's crushing performance and have showed that square and rectangle are the best window shapes.