Effect of extended famine conditions on aerobic granular sludge stability in the treatment of brewery wastewater

Results obtained from three aerobic granular sludge reactors treating brewery wastewater are presented. Reactors were operated for 60 d days in each of the two periods under different cycle duration: (Period I) short 6 h cycle, and (Period II) long 12 h cycle. Organic loading rates (OLR) varying from 0.7 kg COD m−3 d−1 to 4.1 kg COD m−3 d−1 were tested. During Period I, granules successfully developed in all reactors, however, results revealed that the feast and famine periods were not balanced and the granular structure deteriorated and became irregular. During Period II at decreased 12 h cycle time, granules were observed to develop again with superior structural stability compared to the short 6 h cycle time, suggesting that a longer starvation phase enhanced production of proteinaceous EPS. Overall, the extended famine conditions encouraged granule stability, likely because long starvation period favours bacteria capable of storage of energy compounds.