Predictive energy management, control and communication system for grid tied wind energy conversion systems

This paper presents forecast-based predictive energy management, control and communication system (PEMCCS) for grid tied (GT) wind energy conversion system (WECS) plus battery energy storage system (BESS). The proposed PEMCCS model first uses predictively estimated WECS potential over 24-hour (24 h) horizon with BESS to establish day ahead commitment (EDAC) with 24 hourly energy estimates (EHEE). Then the proposed PEMCCS model provides an integrated solution to the issues faced by the modern grid operators, ensuring (1) minimum RE curtailment, (2) EDAC delivery, and (3) compensation of forecast errors (FE) while injecting grid coordinated smoother power into grid. Power injection level is defined dynamically whenever planned injection is disturbed due to FE or change in operational scenario across the grid. Focusing on curtailment minimization and EDAC delivery, an optimal power injection magnitude is defined and system status is communicated with the grid operator for the next operational unit (Δt = 5 min) for coordinated operation. The proposed PEMCCS model, (1) increases revenue for wind system owner through DAC delivery error minimization, (2) minimizes curtailment/waste of WECS generated RE, therefore, increasing RE proportions while minimizing grid operator energy cost, and (3) improves grid reliability through “on-demand” power injection magnitude control. The proposed model also minimizes grid stress associated with injection of highly varying WECS power while compensating for FE. The proposed PEMCCS model is simple and realistic. It successfully delivers 125.47 MWh day ahead committed energy with 34-35 injection levels while accommodating grid operator requests and compensating for FE.