Stress resultant nonlinear constitutive model for cracked reinforced concrete panels

The paper proposes a novel stress resultant nonlinear constitutive model for Reinforced Concrete (RC) panels adapted to cyclic loadings. An analytical multi-scale analysis is applied by taking a concrete strut with embedded steel reinforcement between two consecutive cracks as representative volume element. Some suitable assumptions are adopted in order to incorporate the most important nonlinear phenomena characterizing reinforced concrete behavior: concrete damage, concrete cracking, bond-slip stress (at the origin of the tension stiffening effect) and steel yielding. The model is validated by comparison with experimental data concerning tension and tension-compression uniaxial tests on RC beams and a cyclic (non-reversing) shear test on an RC wall.