Dark and singular optical solitons with Kundu-Eckhaus equation by extended trial equation method and extended G′/G-expansion scheme

This paper obtains dark and singular optical solitons from Kundu-Eckhaus model. There are two integration algorithms that are adopted. These are extended trial equation method and the extended G′/G-expansion scheme. Constraint conditions guarantees existence of these solitons. As a byproduct, singular periodic solutions and plane wave solutions fall out.