Higher quality and lower cost from improving hospital discharge decision making

•Experiment on uptake of CDSS for hospital discharge decision making.•CDSS provides likelihood of readmission if patient is discharged on any given day.•CDSS with opt out default option supports uptake and improved decision making.•Investigates cross-effects of time constraint and uptake of the CDSS.•Specialized subject pool of resident physicians and fourth year medical students.

This paper reports research on improving decisions about hospital discharges - decisions that are now made by physicians based on mainly subjective evaluations of patients' discharge status. We report an experiment on uptake of our clinical decision support system (CDSS) which presents physicians with evidence-based discharge criteria that can be effectively applied at the point of care where the discharge decision is made. One experimental treatment we report prompts physician attentiveness to the CDSS by replacing the default option of universal “opt in” to patient discharge with the alternative default option of “opt out” from the CDSS recommendations to discharge or not to discharge the patient on each day of hospital stay. We also report results from experimental treatments that implement the CDSS under varying conditions of time pressure on the subjects. The experiment was conducted using resident physicians and fourth-year medical students at a university medical school as subjects.