Distortions of temporal integration and perceived order caused by the interplay between stimulus contrast and duration

•Contrast and duration effects on temporal integration and order judgment were studied.•High contrast on stimulus 1 mostly increases integration and order uncertainty.•This pattern inverts when stimulus 1 is relatively long and stimulus 2 is only 10 ms.•Integration correlates with order uncertainty, but order accuracy sometimes deviates.

Stimulus contrast and duration effects on visual temporal integration and order judgment were examined in a unified paradigm. Stimulus onset asynchrony was governed by the duration of the first stimulus in Experiment 1, and by the interstimulus interval in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, integration and order uncertainty increased when a low contrast stimulus followed a high contrast stimulus, but only when the second stimulus was 20 or 30 ms. At 10 ms duration of the second stimulus, integration and uncertainty decreased. Temporal order judgments at all durations of the second stimulus were better for a low contrast stimulus following a high contrast one. By contrast, in Experiment 2, a low contrast stimulus following a high contrast stimulus consistently produced higher integration rates, order uncertainty, and lower order accuracy. Contrast and duration thus interacted, breaking correspondence between integration and order perception. The results are interpreted in a tentative conceptual framework.