Is the practice of yoga or meditation associated with a healthy lifestyle? Results of a national cross-sectional survey of 28,695 Australian women

•Yoga/meditation practice is associated with physical activity and vegetarian diet.•Women practicing yoga/meditation less often smoke.•They more often use marijuana and illicit drugs.

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between yoga/meditation practice and health behavior in Australian women.MethodsWomen aged 19-25 years, 31-36 years, and 62-67 years from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) were surveyed regarding smoking, alcohol or drug use, physical activity and dietary behavior; and whether they practiced yoga/meditation on a regular basis. Associations of health behaviors with yoga/meditation practice were analyzed using multiple logistic regression modelling.Results11,344, 8200, and 9151 women aged 19-25 years, 31-36 years, and 62-67 years, respectively, were included of which 29.0%, 21.7%, and 20.7%, respectively, practiced yoga/meditation. Women practicing yoga/meditation were significantly more likely to report at least moderate physical activity levels (OR = 1.50-2.79), to follow a vegetarian (OR = 1.67-3.22) or vegan (OR = 2.26-3.68) diet, and to report the use of marijuana (OR = 1.28-1.89) and illicit drugs in the last 12 months (OR = 1.23-1.98).ConclusionsYoga/meditation practice was associated with higher physical activity levels, a higher likelihood of vegetarian or vegan diet use, and a higher likelihood of drug use. While health professionals should keep the potential vulnerability of yoga/meditation practitioners to drug use in mind, the positive associations of yoga/meditation with a variety of positive health behaviors warrant its consideration in preventive medicine and healthcare.