Historical paths to current unrest: Extending the temporal lens in analysing geographies of agrarian change and conflict

•Join calls for greater attention to history when examining current social geographies.•Argues that an extended temporal lens enhances understanding of current social phenomena.•Offers a temporal-thematic approach for constructing a path analysis.•Uncovers spatially differentiated effect of 'soyisation'.•Uses primitive accumulation as a theoretical framework.

The proliferation of soybean monoculture and its expansion into previously marginal territories in Argentina have resulted in land conflicts and attacks on peasant communities that possess land without having secured tenure. However, the rapid and intensive modernisation and industrialisation of agriculture production has had differentiated effect on different territories in Argentina. This article posit that understanding these differences requires an extended temporal analysis. While social research tends to focus on the present or recent past, this paper joins calls for greater attention to historical context and processes when examining current social dynamics and geographies. Focusing on the province of Santiago del Estero in Northwest Argentina, this paper provides a particular temporal-thematic approach for conducting such a historical path analysis, which here focuses on the province's changing agrarian structures and political shifts that resulted in a complex, irregular and subsequently unstable land tenure system.