| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5074385 | Geoforum | 2012 | 11 Pages | 
Abstract
												⺠Political economic relationships in the shadow state are associated with different approaches to citizenship. ⺠Organizations that have a formal relationship with the state promote nationally inclusive views of citizenship that are also consistent with neoliberal models of citizenship. ⺠Organizations that have some leverage to negotiate state influence can inflect this nationally inclusive and neoliberal approach to citizenship. ⺠Organizations that have an indirect relationship with the state are able to deploy alternatives to neoliberal membership in a national polity.
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											Authors
												Dan Trudeau, 
											