Subjective mean-variance preferences without expected utility

I provide behavioral foundations for a class of mean-variance preferences. My set of axioms characterizes an individual who assigns subjective probability to events and judges each portfolio solely on the basis of the mean and variance of its implied distribution over returns but does not necessarily rank the portfolios according to expected utility. I clarify the differences across specifications of my model. In addition, this model is robust to the consideration of a wide body of observed behaviors under uncertainty, which are inconsistent with the classical mean-variance model.