Catalytic characteristics of CYP3A22-dependent mequindox detoxification

The anti-bacterial agent mequindox is widely used as an animal feed additive in China. Its potential effect on host cells, however, remains largely unknown. Here, we report that pig CYP3A22 represents an important metabolic enzyme in mequindox catalysis. Interestingly, we found that ectopic expression of CYP3A22 reversed the mequindox-induced G2 cell cycle accumulation in cultured pig hepatocytes. To further probe the catalytic mechanism of CYP3A22 in mequindox metabolism, we identified 2′-acetyl-hydroxylation as a major catalytic step of CYP3A22-dependent mequindox metabolism using LC–MS/MS spectrometry. Together, our study suggests that CYP3A22 plays an important role in mequindox metabolism via 2′-acetyl-hydroxylation.

Graphical AbstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideResearch Highlights►Mequindox induced G2 arrest of pig hepatocytes. ►High expression of CYP3A22 reversed the drug-induced G2 arrest. ►The catalytic activity of CYP3A22 is crucial for the mequindox detoxification.