Rapid ultrasonic and microwave-assisted micellar extraction of zingiberone, shogaol and gingerols from gingers using biosurfactants

•The UAME and MAME were established for extraction of zingiberone, shogaol and gingerols from gingers.•Bile salts were applied as the extraction medium in the micellar extraction.•The proposed method involved the use of UHPLC-UV.•High extraction efficiencies of active compounds in gingers were achieved.•The proposed method was a rapid, simple, effective and environmentally friendly approach.

Two kinds of extraction methods ultrasonic-assisted micellar extraction (UAME) and microwave-assisted micellar extraction (MAME) coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (UHPLC-UV) were developed and evaluated for extraction and determination of zingerone, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 10-gingerol in Rhizoma Zingiberis and Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparata. A biosurfactant, hyodeoxycholic acid sodium salt, was used in micellar extraction. Several experimental parameters were studied separately by a univariate method. The result indicated that the MAME was more efficient than UAME. The optimal conditions of MAME were as follows: 100 mM of hyodeoxycholic acid sodium salt was used as surfactant, the irradiation time was set at 10 s and the extraction temperature was set at 60 °C. The validation results indicated that the limits of detection were in the range of 3.80-8.11 ng/mL. The average recoveries were in the range of 87.32-103.12% for the two samples at two spiking levels. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed MAME-UHPLC-UV method was more effective, quicker (10 s) and more eco-friendly.