Design and application of a composite electrode using molecular wire as the binder

Construction of a composite electrode based on a mixture of graphite and carbon nanotubes as a conductive phase and molecular wire as the binder has been proposed. Various components of the electrode as well as the conditions for preparation and pasting of the proposed electrode were optimized. The electrochemical characteristics of the electrode were evaluated using the redox behavior of various electrochemical probes via some electrochemical tests such as cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. To investigate the performance of the electrode, determination of dopamine was examined using the proposed electrode. The linear range for dopamine determination was determined as 1.0 × 10− 8 to 4.5 × 10− 5 M. The electrode was successfully applied in the analysis of dopamine in human blood serum as a real sample.