Poly (indole-co-thiophene)@Fe3O4 as novel adsorbents for the extraction of aniline derivatives from water samples

The resultant core-shell magnetic solid-phase extraction nanoparticle sorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The dominant parameters affecting enrichment efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions detection limits and linear dynamic ranges were achieved in the range of 0.005-0.02 ng mL− 1 and 0.02-200 ng mL− 1, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for five replicates at three concentration levels (0.05, 5 and 100 ng mL− 1) of analytes were ranged from 3.8 to 7.0%. Ultimately, the applicability of this method was successfully confirmed by analyzing tap, well, sea and waste water samples and satisfactory results were obtained.