Components and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and antinociceptive activities of the endemic species Stachys mialhesi de Noé

One diterpenoid, horminone 1, two flavonoid glycosides, apigenin-7-O-(6″-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside 2, isoscutellarein-7-O-(6″′-O-acetyl-β-d-allopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside) 3, were isolated from n-butanolic extract of the aerial parts of Stachys mialhesi de Noé (BESM). Their structures were established on the basis of physical and spectroscopic analysis, and by comparison with the literature data. Antioxidant activity of this extract and the compound 3 was evaluated by the use of the Electron Spin Resonance method in order to visualize the inhibition of the DPPH radical. In this study, we also investigated the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and antinociceptive activities of the BESM in experimental animal models at different doses. Our results showed that the BESM showed a strongest antioxidant activity. It decreased acetic acid induced writhing times; inhibited carrageenan-induced hind paw edema. All of these results suggested that the BESM possesses significant antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.