The preparation and properties of Ni–La–Zr catalysts for the steam reforming of ethanol

Ni–La–Zr catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation techniques. A compound with the stoichiometry La2Zr2O7 is formed at calcination temperatures higher than 780 °C and coexists with a highly stable nickel oxide phase. Catalysts prepared by coprecipitation of the three metals and further calcination at 700 °C and 850 °C lead to the highest H2 yield and stability in the steam reforming of ethanol. The better behavior of the coprecipitated catalysts is ascribed mainly to the higher nickel dispersion and a more intimate contact between the three metals at the surface which prevents deactivation by carbon formation.