Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5202962 | Polymer Degradation and Stability | 2012 | 8 Pages |
Zinc stannate is a well known synergist and smoke suppressant with brominated flame retardants in a number of polymers but its possible synergistic function with phosphorus-containing species is less well documented. This paper reports the effect of adding zinc stannate together with aluminium diethyl phosphinate, an aryl phosphate (resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate)), a cyclic organophosphonate, melamine polyphosphate and melamine cyanurate singly or in combinations in polyamide 6 (PA6).Compounded formulations restricted by the need to maintain a maximum level of 20Â wt% or less and an assumed constant molar ratio, Sn/PÂ =Â 2/3, were characterized by DTA/DTG, limiting oxygen index, UL94, cone calorimetry and tensile testing procedures.Of the formulations studied, that comprising 10Â wt% melamine polyphosphate, 5Â wt% aryl phosphate and 7.5Â wt% zinc stannate produced one of the highest LOI values of 26.5Â vol% and a UL94 V2 rating. Clear evidence is provided that zinc stannate functions as a synergist only when these two phosphorus-containing species are present and not when individually present. The addition of zinc stannate to all formulations improved tensile property retention.The further addition of either zinc borate or a nanoclay appeared to negate any previously observed zinc stannate-phosphorus synergy in PA6.