Synthesis and characterization of nano-V2O5 by flame spray pyrolysis, and its cathodic performance in Li-ion rechargeable batteries

Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nano-particles have been synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis method to investigate their cathodic performance in Li-ion rechargeable batteries. They were characterized by surface area (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, BET method), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (TEM-EDS), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Spherical, crystalline (orthorhombic) nano-V2O5 particles were produced. The electrochemical tests, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and ac impedance spectroscopy (IS), were performed to obtain the reversibility and conductivity kinetic parameters. From IS measurements, nano film conductivity was found to be 2.42 × 10−6 S cm−1, which is 10-fold higher than the commercial micro-particle V2O5 counterparts. From spectra, it was also found that the interfacial resistance became stable after 7200 s. The impedance results indicated that the rate of reaction at the interphase was controlled by both charge transfer and diffusion processes. The cyclic voltammogram showed high reversibility rate and low polarization.