Role of reactive gas in atmospheric plasma for cell attachment and proliferation on biocompatible poly ɛ-caprolactone film

This paper reports the surface modification of a biocompatible poly ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) film treated by atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) with reactive gases. The change in wettability and surface morphology of the PCL film after the plasma treatment with the reactive gases (Ar, H2, N2 and O2) were determined using contact angle and surface roughness measurements. The chemical bonding states and molecular vibration modes of the activated organic groups on the polymer surface were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transformation infrared techniques. The surface of the ACP-treated PCL films was also examined for their in vitro cell attachment and proliferation using human prostate epithelial cells (HPECs). The increase in the hydrophobicity of the Ar + H2 plasma-treated PCL film resulted in a lower cell loading in the initial step of cell culture as well as a decrease in the level of cell attachment and proliferation compared with the pristine film. However, the hydrophilic properties of the Ar + N2, Ar and Ar + O2 plasma-treated PCL film improved the adhesion properties. Therefore, the Ar + N2, Ar and Ar + O2 plasma-treated PCL films showed a better cell distribution and growth than that of the pristine PCL film. The ACP-treated PCL film is potentially useful as a suitable scaffold in biophysics and bio-medical engineering applications.