Electron transport for spectrum analysis and experiment design

The usefulness of the concept of the collision statistics, or partial intensities, for quantitative spectrum interpretation is illustrated by considering various examples of practical significance, including elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES), reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS), (hard) X-ray photoelectron emission ((HA)XPS), electron coincidence spectroscopy, the Auger electron backscattering factor and the ionization depth distribution. Finally, the relationship between the partial intensities and the emission depth is discussed, which allows one to combine the unique features of electron spectroscopy for investigation of chemical, electronic and magnetic properties of surfaces with a depth selectivity within the first few atomic layers of a solid.