Thermal management for free convection of nanofluid using two phase model

•Two phase model is considered for simulating nanofluid.•CVFEM is used to solve the governing equations.•Nusselt number increases with increase of Nr.•Nusselt number has reverse relationship with Le and γ.

In this study, free convection heat transfer in an enclosure filled with nanofluid is investigated. The important effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis have been included in the model of nanofluid. Control volume based finite element method is used to solve the governing equations. Effects of angle of turn, buoyancy ratio number and Lewis number on streamline, isotherm and isoconcentration are considered. Also a correlation for Nusselt number corresponding to active parameters is presented. Results indicated that Nusselt number is an increasing function of buoyancy ratio number while it is a decreasing function of Lewis number and angle of turn. Also it can be found that Lewis number has no significant effect on Nusselt number at low values of buoyancy ratio number.

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