Inter-country Energy Trade Analysis Based on Ecological Network Analysis

Energy embodied in the economic activities are making connection between countries more closed under the rapid globalization. The inter-country energy trade reallocates the energy resources and sustains economic development, which is crucial to global energy supply and security. To investigate the structural features of the inter-country energy trade markets, we built the inter-country energy trade network covering 40 representatives based on the input-output table and ecological network analysis (ENA). The indicator of control difference is used to explore the relationship between countries within the global energy supply market. The results show that Canada, Latvia, Malta and Poland are the main exporters, and the Japan, Germany, Korea, Turkey and Mexico are main importers. According to the dependence results, such as Japan has strong dependence on Canada, Korea is highly dependent on the Malta can provide insights for how to improve countries' security by adjusting the energy trade policies.