The numerical modelling of a middle strength rock material under Flexural test by Finite Element method-coupled to-SPH

Proper fracture assessment of the geological materials, which are highly exposed to hydrostatic loading, is a persistent challenge, in particular when aiming to develop an adequate numerical modelling technique. The mechanical response of a middle strength rock, namely Pietra Serena sandstone, under a Flexural (Four-Point Bending) test is investigated numerically in this study. The FEM-coupled to-SPH numerical technique has been approached in conjunction with an advanced material model implemented in LS-DYNA, namely the Karagozian and Case Concrete (KCC) model. The state of stress is investigated in different parts of the specimen in order to determine the strength of the material and the crack initiation area. The numerical results are finally validated by experimental data to show the reliability of the model.