Butler-Volmer equation-based model and its implementation on state of power prediction of high-power lithium titanate batteries considering temperature effects

This paper provides a further step towards popularizing the proposed Butler-Volmer (BV) equation-based model and its implementation on state of power (SOP) prediction at various temperatures, which is based on the relationship between state of charge and state of useful charge. The actual 10 s SOP of battery is obtained using the constant current pulse when the restriction of voltage is exactly managed. The COMPLEX method is taken to determine the coefficients of the simplified form of BV equation, enabling online estimation of battery states. Robustness analysis of the proposed model and algorithm on SOP prediction over a large temperature range is analyzed and verified, showing their reliability and accuracy in estimating the terminal voltage and predicting power capability.