Review on microstructure modelling of a gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

A gas diffusion layer (GDL) is the key component in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), where transportation of reactants and oxidants to electrodes and removal of water from the cell occur. Accurate prediction of the effective transport properties of GDL is important in understanding its effects on PEMFC performance. However, prediction of GDL behavior is challenging because of the complex geometries involved. Hence, microstructure modelling of GDL is highly beneficial in this condition. This article reviews numerous research endeavors that focused on GDL modelling and the parameters that affect the GDL microstructure. This review aims to understand how each parameter affected the GDL performance. The highlighted parameters in this article are fiber diameter, GDL thickness, porosity, and the effect of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).