Application of non-Fourier heat flux theory in thermally stratified flow of second grade liquid with variable properties

The characteristics of thermal stratification and temperature dependent thermal conductivity in two-dimensional (2D) stretched flow of second grade liquid are analyzed. Thickness of nonlinear stretching surface is variable. New model for heat flux by Cattaneo [2] and Christov [3] is utilized to capture the salient features of thermal relaxation time. Mathematical formulation is modeled employing boundary layer concept. Convergent series solution are obtained for the nonlinear systems. Outcoming results are presented graphically to discuss the characteristics of sundry parameters. Skin friction coefficient is tabulated and examined for various embedded parameters. Our analysis reveals that temperature distribution enhances via larger variable thermal conductivity parameter while it reduces for larger thermal relaxation time and thermal stratified parameters.