An extended car-following model based on visual angle and backward looking effect

By introducing driver's visual angle and backward looking effect into the full velocity difference model (FVDM), this paper proposes an extended car-following model. Through linear stability analysis and simulation analysis, the paper gets following conclusions: First of all, the neutral stability line of the extended model is asymmetry. Secondly, the stability of traffic flow is influenced by the width of the leading vehicle, the length of the following-car's head and the vertical distance from driver's eyes to vehicle's head. Thirdly, driver pay close attention to the rear vehicle can strengthen traffic flow, and driver's sensitivity of visual angle will influence the stability of traffic flow. Finally, the extended model can explain some complex nature of traffic phenomena and makes the car-following model more realistic.