Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5501887 | Free Radical Biology and Medicine | 2017 | 45 Pages |
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major hallmark of cardiovascular diseases although a causal link was so far not proven by large clinical trials. However, there is a close association between oxidative stress and inflammation and increasing evidence for a causal role of (low-grade) inflammation for the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases, which may serve as the missing link between oxidative stress and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. With the present review we would like to highlight the multiple redox regulated pathways in inflammation, discuss the sources of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are of interest for these processes and finally discuss the importance of angiotensin II (AT-II) as a trigger of cardiovascular inflammation and the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords
PRRHIF-1MitoSOXSARMcGMPMCP-1eNOSMPTPET-1SGCAP-1MnSODAT-IIPAMPMitoQTLRPKCAT1RCCRECMNF-κBMMPTRIF-related adapter moleculemtROSNLRTGF-ßMYD88VSMCbFGFC-C chemokine receptorMAPKNOxROSTRIFSTATEndothelial dysfunctionLow-grade inflammationinflammationpathogen-associated molecular patternsmitochondrial permeability transition poreeNOS uncouplingendothelin-1interleukinTransforming Growth Factor BetaTRAMTyrosine kinaseToll-like receptorSoluble guanylyl cyclaseRONSTIMPSODDendritic cellVascular smooth muscle cellendothelial nitric oxide synthasemanganese superoxide dismutaseSuperoxide dismutasehypoxia-inducible factor-1Vascular endothelial growth factorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)basic fibroblast growth factornuclear factor kappa BExtracellular matrixmatrix metalloproteinasesignal transducers and activators of transcriptionRedox regulationTissue inhibitor of metalloproteinasescyclic guanosine monophosphatemonocyte chemoattractant protein-1activator protein-1Protein kinase Cmitogen-activated protein kinasesmitochondrial reactive oxygen speciesNod-like receptorangiotensin II receptor type 1Scavenger receptorPRR, Pattern recognition receptor
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Authors
Philip Wenzel, Sabine Kossmann, Thomas Münzel, Andreas Daiber,