| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5525275 | Cancer Letters | 2017 | 9 Pages |
â¢Underlying mechanisms of single anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy failure are proposed.â¢Immunoediting process refers to immune profiles, TME types and immune resistance.â¢Combination therapy modulating the immunoediting process can overcome the failure.
Therapy that targets programmed death 1 or programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1), which are known as immune checkpoints, has been recently rapidly developing as oncotherapy for various carcinomas. However, this therapy has a poor effect on the treatment of pancreatic cancer with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade monotherapy. In this review, the development and limitations of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy in pancreatic cancer are discussed. We then consider the underlying mechanism of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy failure, combination strategies overcoming resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and the prospect of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 for the immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
