Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5546232 | Current Opinion in Virology | 2017 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Bacterial, viral and parasitic zoonotic pathogens that transmit via the fecal-oral route have a major impact on global health. However, the mechanisms underlying the emergence of such pathogens from the animal reservoir and their persistence in the human population are poorly understood. Here, we present a framework of human-to-human transmission of zoonotic pathogens that considers the factors relevant for fecal-oral human-to-human transmission route at the levels of host, pathogen, and environment. We discuss current data gaps and propose future research directions.
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Authors
Miranda de Graaf, Relja Beck, Simone M Caccio, Birgitta Duim, Pieter LA Fraaij, Françoise S Le Guyader, Marc Lecuit, Jacques Le Pendu, Emmie de Wit, Constance Schultsz,