Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
5561008 Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2017 9 Pages PDF
Abstract

•Review established mechanisms of anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity•Introduce a holistic approach that evaluates both neuronal and non-neuronal causes•Incorporate literature from related fields to speculate on possible new mechanisms•Generate hypotheses to guide future research into anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity

The year 2016 marked the 15th anniversary since anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity and its resulting cognitive dysfunction were first described. Since that time, multiple scientific studies have supported these original findings and investigated possible mechanisms behind anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. This paper reviews the existing mechanistic literature on anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in the context of a holistic approach that emphasizes the importance of both neuronal and non-neuronal cells during early postnatal development. Sections are divided into key stages in early neural development; apoptosis, neurogenesis, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, gliogenesis, myelination and blood brain barrier/cerebrovasculature. In addition, the authors combine the established literature in the field of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity with literature from other related scientific fields to speculate on the potential role of non-neuronal cells and to generate new future hypotheses for understanding anesthetic toxicity and its application to the practice of pediatric anesthesia.

Related Topics
Life Sciences Environmental Science Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
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