A complicated diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis in a patient with atrial fibrillation - The importance of temporary pacing inducing regular heart rhythm during invasive hemodynamic study

CP should be considered in unexplained increase of cholestatic enzymes. In AFib, the TTE parameters based on respiratory variation may not be useful. However, a combination of the remaining TTE parameters can indicate CP and trigger further investigation. Temporary pacing to avoid beat-to-beat variability in AFib can “unmask” the ventricular pressures discordance, and thus be helpful in unclear CP cases.