Ultrasound Guided Out-of-Plane Versus In-Plane Transpectoral Left Axillary Vein Cannulation

Out-of-plane ultrasound imaging during axillary vein cannulation increased the chance of first-attempt successful cannulation. Axillary vein cannulation under out-of-plane ultrasound imaging also appeared to be quicker and was preferable in terms of the fewer number of attempts that were necessary for a successful vein cannulation.