Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5588393 | Metabolism | 2017 | 15 Pages |
Abstract
Vitamin K is a liposoluble vitamin. The predominant dietary form, phylloquinone or vitamin K1, is found in plants and green vegetables; whereas menaquinone, or vitamin K2, is endogenously synthesized by intestinal bacteria and includes several subtypes that differ in side chain length. Aside from its established role in blood clotting, several studies now support a critical function of vitamin K in improving bone health. Vitamin K is in fact required for osteocalcin carboxylation that in turn regulates bone mineral accretion; it seems to promote the transition of osteoblasts to osteocytes and also limits the process of osteoclastogenesis. Several observational and interventional studies have examined the relationship between vitamin K and bone metabolism, but findings are conflicting and unclear. This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of vitamin K (plasma levels, dietary intake, and oral supplementation) on bone health with a particular interest in bone remodeling, mineral density and fragility fractures.
Keywords
RCTsOsteoclast Differentiation FactorSXRSteroid and xenobiotic receptorODFucOCQUSBTMMGPPXRBALPP1NPDXApTHCTXNTXCOCRANKLBMCBMDFFQGLAγ-Carboxyglutamic acidrandomized control trialsBone alkaline phosphataseOsteocalcinBone mineral densitydual-energy X-ray absorptiometryRelative riskprothrombin timeQuantitative ultrasoundFractureconfidence intervalBone turnover markersBone mineral contenthazard ratioodds ratioVitamin K1Vitamin K2Vitamin DVitamin KParathormonefood frequency questionnaireMatrix Gla proteinOsteoporosisPregnane X receptorreceptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand
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Authors
Andrea Palermo, Dario Tuccinardi, Luca D'Onofrio, Mikiko Watanabe, Daria Maggi, Anna Rita Maurizi, Valentina Greto, Raffaella Buzzetti, Nicola Napoli, Paolo Pozzilli, Silvia Manfrini,