Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5588584 | Nutrition Research | 2017 | 40 Pages |
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports a complex relationship between adiposity and osteoporosis in overweight/obese individuals, with local interactions and endocrine regulation by adipose tissue on bone metabolism and fracture risk in elderly populations. This review was conducted to summarize existing evidence to test the hypothesis that obesity is a risk factor for bone health in aging individuals. Mechanisms by which obesity adversely affects bone health are believed to be multiple, such as an alteration of bone-regulating hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocannabinoid system, that affect bone cell metabolism are discussed. In addition, evidence on the effect of fat mass and distribution on bone mass and quality is reviewed together with findings relating energy and fat intake with bone health. In summary, studies indicate that the positive effects of body weight on bone mineral density cannot counteract the detrimental effects of obesity on bone quality. However, the exact mechanism underlying bone deterioration in the obese is not clear yet and further research is required to elucidate the effect of adipose depots on bone and fracture risk in the obese population.
Keywords
BMATpTHDXA2-arachidonoylglycerol2-AGBATBMDSATMSC25OHDOPGAEAPPARδvBMDIL-6Volumetric BMDIL1TNFαN-arachidonoylethanolamine25-hydroxyvitamin DECsOsteoprotegerininflammationMRIinterleukin-6interleukin-1visceral adipose tissuebrown adipose tissuebone marrow adipose tissueBone mineral densityMagnetic resonance imagingtumor necrosis factor αcomputed tomographydual-energy X-ray absorptiometryMesenchymal stem cellendocannabinoid systembody mass indexBMIFractureVATObesityparathyroid hormoneC-reactive proteinCRPOsteoporosisBone marrow fatreceptor activator of NF-κB ligand
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Endocrinology
Authors
Sue A. Shapses, L. Claudia Pop, Yang Wang,