RDM16 and STA1 regulate differential usage of exon/intron in RNA directed DNA methylation pathway

The splicing factors RDM16 and STA1 have been reported to play a role in the RNA directed DNA Methylation (RdDM) pathway. In this pathway, small interfering RNAs guide de-novo methylation of homologous DNA sequences. DNA methylation is epigenetic marks, which can suppress transposable elements, repeat sequences and genes. It also affects the chromatin structure. Upon deletion of RDM16 and STA1, previous studies based on gene level analysis were unable to find differentially spliced events implicated in RdDM pathway. In this study, RNA-seq data from RDM16 & STA1 mutants were analyzed. Differential expression analysis was performed at exon and intron level. This analysis revealed 3474 genes with potential differential expression events in the RDM16 mutant and 3058 in the STA1 mutant. We found 17 genes that have been reported to be involved in the RdDM pathway. These results suggest involvement of RDM16 and STA1 by influencing the expression of key gene components such as MORC6 in the RdDM pathway. Therefore, this study increases the understanding of the role of RDM16 and STA1 splicing factors in DNA methylation.