Deciphering the molecular signaling pathways in breast cancer pathogenesis and their role in diagnostic and treatment modalities

Breast cancer is more common among urban females. It has been estimated that in India there will be 155,000 new cases of breast cancer and 76,000 deaths due to breast cancer in 2015. Many factors play a key role in the progression of breast cancer but there is no evidence that proves or cures its progressions. Therefore, it is very important to take necessary early steps to screen, diagnose and treat the breast cancer as early as possible to save millions of lives. The present review high lights the significance of so many factors responsible for the progression of this disease, which includes pathological causes, roles of various molecular and biochemical markers, genetic mutations, role of micro RNA, gene expression analysis, cancer stem cells, apoptotic markers, prognosis, treatment and also emerging treatment modalities along with the existing ones like vaccines.