Atrioesophageal fistula formation with cryoballoon ablation is most commonly related to the left inferior pulmonary vein

AEF after cryoballoon use is rare (<1 in 10,000) and most commonly was identified near the LIPV. Proximity of the esophagus to the LIPV and evidence of esophageal luminal cooling should be considered indications to limit cryoablation at this vein.