Systemic Venous Diameters, Collapsibility Indices, and Right Atrial Measurements in Normal Pediatric Subjects

Measurement of systemic venous diameters, collapsibility indices, and RA volumes is feasible in healthy children and adolescents. Venous diameters increase predictably with growth and so must be interpreted in light of body surface area. IVCCIs and hepatic venous filling fraction compare closely with those reported in adults. Pediatric nomograms for these parameters are provided, and they should next be evaluated for relation to directly measured RA pressure in this age group.