Mécanismes immunologiques des traitements de fond de la sclérose en plaques

Therapeutic developments in the field of multiple sclerosis have been relatively short-lived over the past decade. The new immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive drugs and compounds in the development phase present novel and varied mechanisms of action with greater clinical efficacy but also potentially more severe and less well-known side effects. Understanding the physiology of these therapies has now become essential in order to prevent inherent side effects but also to better select patients eligible for these treatments. In this review, we divide these last therapies into four categories according to their modes of action: blockade of immune cell trafficking; promotion of lymphocyte depletion; modulation of the immune function, and blockade of cell replication.