Evaluation of interleukin-10 producing CD19+ B cells in human gingival tissue

While IL-10 producing CD19+ B cells are present in the gingival tissues of patients with periodontal disease and of those with a healthy periodontium, the diseased gingival tissues had a much greater number of these cells than the healthy. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-10, IL-1β, and RANKL, as well as mRNA levels of TNF-α, were positively correlated with the number of IL-10 producing CD19+ B cells, which highlights the importance of these factors in the development and progression of periodontitis.